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A deadly outbreak of Chandipura virus (CHPV) in Gujarat has claimed the lives of 22 children, with 35 confirmed cases reported so far. The virus, first identified in 1965 in Maharashtra’s Chandipura village, primarily spreads through the bite of infected sandflies and targets children under 15.
CHPV is a neurotropic virus that causes Acute Encephalitis Syndrome. After entering the bloodstream, it quickly crosses the blood-brain barrier, replicates inside brain cells and triggers severe inflammation. This leads to activation of immune cells in the brain, oxidative stress and widespread neuronal death. Symptoms escalate rapidly—from high fever, vomiting and headache to seizures, altered consciousness and coma—often within 24-48 hours.
There is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine. Management relies on intensive supportive care, including ICU support and control of brain swelling. Health authorities urge vector control, sealing of mud-house cracks and immediate hospitalisation of children showing neurological symptoms.
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